Genesis 38:1-39:23

Reading for Tuesday, Week 4

Genesis 38-39 (English Standard Version)

Genesis 38

Judah and Tamar

¹It happened at that time that Judah went down from his brothers and turned aside to a certain Adullamite, whose name was Hirah. ²There Judah saw the daughter of a certain Canaanite whose name was Shua. He took her and went in to her, ³and she conceived and bore a son, and he called his name Er. ⁴She conceived again and bore a son, and she called his name Onan. ⁵Yet again she bore a son, and she called his name Shelah. Judah was in Chezib when she bore him.

⁶And Judah took a wife for Er his firstborn, and her name was Tamar. ⁷But Er, Judah’s firstborn, was wicked in the sight of the LORD, and the LORD put him to death. ⁸Then Judah said to Onan, "Go in to your brother’s wife and perform the duty of a brother-in-law to her, and raise up offspring for your brother." ⁹But Onan knew that the offspring would not be his. So whenever he went in to his brother’s wife he would waste the semen on the ground, so as not to give offspring to his brother. ¹⁰And what he did was wicked in the sight of the LORD, and he put him to death also. ¹¹Then Judah said to Tamar his daughter-in-law, "Remain a widow in your father’s house, till Shelah my son grows up"—for he feared that he would die, like his brothers. So Tamar went and remained in her father’s house.

¹²In the course of time the wife of Judah, Shua’s daughter, died. When Judah was comforted, he went up to Timnah to his sheepshearers, he and his friend Hirah the Adullamite. ¹³And when Tamar was told, "Your father-in-law is going up to Timnah to shear his sheep," ¹⁴she took off her widow’s garments and covered herself with a veil, wrapping herself up, and sat at the entrance to Enaim, which is on the road to Timnah. For she saw that Shelah was grown up, and she had not been given to him in marriage.¹⁵When Judah saw her, he thought she was a prostitute, for she had covered her face.¹⁶He turned to her at the roadside and said, "Come, let me come in to you," for he did not know that she was his daughter-in-law. She said, "What will you give me, that you may come in to me?" ¹⁷He answered, "I will send you a young goat from the flock." And she said, "If you give me a pledge, until you send it—" ¹⁸He said, "What pledge shall I give you?" She replied, "Your signet and your cord and your staff that is in your hand." So he gave them to her and went in to her, and she conceived by him. ¹⁹Then she arose and went away, and taking off her veil she put on the garments of her widowhood.

²⁰When Judah sent the young goat by his friend the Adullamite to take back the pledge from the woman’s hand, he did not find her. ²¹And he asked the men of the place, "Where is the cult prostitute who was at Enaim at the roadside?" And they said, "No cult prostitute has been here." ²²So he returned to Judah and said, "I have not found her. Also, the men of the place said, 'No cult prostitute has been here.'" ²³And Judah replied, "Let her keep the things as her own, or we shall be laughed at. You see, I sent this young goat, and you did not find her."

²⁴About three months later Judah was told, "Tamar your daughter-in-law has been immoral. Moreover, she is pregnant by immorality." And Judah said, "Bring her out, and let her be burned." ²⁵As she was being brought out, she sent word to her father-in-law, "By the man to whom these belong, I am pregnant." And she said, "Please identify whose these are, the signet and the cord and the staff." ²⁶Then Judah identified them and said, "She is more righteous than I, since I did not give her to my son Shelah." And he did not know her again.

²⁷When the time of her labor came, there were twins in her womb. ²⁸And when she was in labor, one put out a hand, and the midwife took and tied a scarlet thread on his hand, saying, "This one came out first." ²⁹But as he drew back his hand, behold, his brother came out. And she said, "What a breach you have made for yourself!" Therefore his name was called Perez. ³⁰Afterward his brother came out with the scarlet thread on his hand, and his name was called Zerah.

Genesis 39

Joseph and Potiphar’s Wife

¹Now Joseph had been brought down to Egypt, and Potiphar, an officer of Pharaoh, the captain of the guard, an Egyptian, had bought him from the Ishmaelites who had brought him down there. ² The LORD was with Joseph, and he became a successful man, and he was in the house of his Egyptian master. ³His master saw that the LORD was with him and that the LORD caused all that he did to succeed in his hands. ⁴So Joseph found favor in his sight and attended him, and he made him overseer of his house and put him in charge of all that he had. ⁵From the time that he made him overseer in his house and over all that he had the LORD blessed the Egyptian’s house for Joseph’s sake; the blessing of the LORD was on all that he had, in house and field. ⁶So he left all that he had in Joseph’s charge, and because of him he had no concern about anything but the food he ate.

Now Joseph was handsome in form and appearance. ⁷And after a time his master’s wife cast her eyes on Joseph and said, "Lie with me." ⁸But he refused and said to his master’s wife, "Behold, because of me my master has no concern about anything in the house, and he has put everything that he has in my charge. ⁹He is not greater in this house than I am, nor has he kept back anything from me except yourself, because you are his wife. How then can I do this great wickedness and sin against God?" ¹⁰And as she spoke to Joseph day after day, he would not listen to her, to lie beside her or to be with her.

¹¹But one day, when he went into the house to do his work and none of the men of the house was there in the house, ¹² she caught him by his garment, saying, "Lie with me." But he left his garment in her hand and fled and got out of the house. ¹³And as soon as she saw that he had left his garment in her hand and had fled out of the house, ¹⁴she called to the men of her household and said to them, "See, he has brought among us a Hebrew to laugh at us. He came in to me to lie with me, and I cried out with a loud voice. ¹⁵And as soon as he heard that I lifted up my voice and cried out, he left his garment beside me and fled and got out of the house." ¹⁶Then she laid up his garment by her until his master came home, ¹⁷and she told him the same story, saying, "The Hebrew servant, whom you have brought among us, came in to me to laugh at me. ¹⁸But as soon as I lifted up my voice and cried, he left his garment beside me and fled out of the house."

¹⁹As soon as his master heard the words that his wife spoke to him, "This is the way your servant treated me," his anger was kindled. ²⁰And Joseph’s master took him and put him into the prison, the place where the king’s prisoners were confined, and he was there in prison. ²¹But the LORD was with Joseph and showed him steadfast love and gave him favor in the sight of the keeper of the prison.²²And the keeper of the prison put Joseph in charge of all the prisoners who were in the prison. Whatever was done there, he was the one who did it. ²³The keeper of the prison paid no attention to anything that was in Joseph’s charge, because the LORD was with him. And whatever he did, the LORD made it succeed.

Pastor’s Commentary:

In Genesis 38 and 39 it is easy to contrast Judah’s unfaithfulness with Joseph’s faithfulness. Judah has to admit about his daughter-in-law turned prostitute: “She is more righteous than I.” Joseph, on the other hand, says, “How can I do this evil thing and sin against God?”

But it was exactly because of the immorality in the land of Canaan that God set things in motion for Joseph to be down in Egypt. In the land of Canaan, the children of Israel were under constant threat. It was not the people of the land that threatened them, but themselves. Intermarriage and accommodation with the Canaanite culture had already begun. God had to act to preserve His chosen family, from whom the Messiah would come. Therefore, He set things in motion for the whole clan to move down into Egypt through Joseph.

The people of God have always faced the problem of accommodating to the culture. Sometimes it appears that our relationship with the culture is like the Pro Bowl. We behave like we are all-stars playing in the Pro Bowl. We have our jerseys on that say we are playing for the NFC or the AFC, but we don't play our hardest for those teams. We wear our cultural helmets, and that's where our true love is. It really ought to be the other way around.

The whole episode between Judah and Tamar is very interesting on another level. It is mentioned in the gospel of Matthew, chapter 1, when tracing out Jesus’ lineage through Joseph, Jesus’ adopted father. What can this kind of inclusion mean? The Savior of the world came for people like Judah and Tamar. Joseph, for all his laudable morality, was also a sinner and needed the promised Savior too. If we forget that these things were written for our instruction, the Bible just becomes a mysterious book of confusing right and wrong actions. But when we realize that the entire book is there to show us our need for the Savior and God’s providing for that need, then the whole book opens up to us in amazing ways.

Take, for instance, the bit about Onan doing what was wicked in the eyes of the Lord. He spilled his seed onto the ground. He did not desire to have any part in producing offspring that would not be his. This was contrary to God’s plan of rescue. It was through Judah’s descendants that the messiah would come. It was as if Onan was saying, “I don’t care about your promise, God, I want children for myself, not for my brother, and not for any great plan of yours.” It was completely selfish. But God intervened anyway and made sure there would be offspring through Judah and Tamar.

Sometimes God uses the sinful conditions of this world to bring a blessing to His people. It was the same with Judah and Tamar. God worked even through the sinful actions of these people. It was the same with Joseph sold into slavery down in Egypt. Joseph said "they meant it for evil, but God meant it for good." And it is the same with Jesus Christ our Savior. The worst thing imaginable, the Son of God in human flesh dead on a Roman instrument of torture, has brought forgiveness and salvation to all who put Him on that tree.